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專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)考試改錯(cuò)練習(xí)題
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練習(xí)題一
In 2009, Pfizer paid $301 million settle allegations by the Justice 1. ___________
Department that company representatives marketed Geodon dosage
for unapproved uses and encouraged doctors “to prescribe the drug at
substantially more higher than approved dosages.” 2. ___________
Like all psychotropic medications, Geodon has potential side effects,
as anxiety and weight gain, and far more seriously risks, including vision 3. ___________
problem. And Ms. Vargha’s sister was also taking four other psychotropic 4. ___________
drugs, each with their own potentially damaging consequences. 5. ___________
Ms. Vargha fought for years before her sister’s dosages were increased. 6. ___________
“Why on earth would we give psychotropic medications to a population that
are already vulnerable and struggling to use their brain?” she wrote in a letter 7. ___________
to the state this year. “Why do we want to numb and dumb them more?”
Three months ago, increasingly desperate, Ms. Vargha, 56, was 8. ___________
removed her sister from the group home, and took her to her house.
When a reporter visited Ms. Vargha’s home recently, her sister was
disoriented and briefly mistook the reporter for an Iran policeman. At 9. ___________
night, she walks the hallways, speaking Persian.
“She’s getting better, she’s eating now a bit, but she doesn’t sleep,” Ms.
Vargha said. She hopes to get her sister back on her feet soon and move her
into a group apartment in Rochester.
“My sister came with so much hope to this country, America, the land
of freedom,” she said. “When she became a citizen, she put both arms up and said, ‘I love this country.’ ”
She added, “I want her to experience that she believed in.” 10. __________
答案與解析
1. 答案：∧settle — to
試題分析：本題為缺詞錯(cuò)誤 。
詳細(xì)解答：pay some money和不定式to do搭配表示“為了做成某事而付錢(qián)”。
2. 答案：more — much或more — /
試題分析：本題為副詞誤用 。
詳細(xì)解答：high是單音節(jié)形容詞 ，不需要和副詞more合用作為它 的比較級(jí) ，僅用higher即可。如果需要修飾higher ，應(yīng)該用副詞much 。
3. 答案：seriously — serious
試題分析：本題為副詞和形容詞誤用 。
詳細(xì)解答：修飾名詞risk不能用副詞 ，而應(yīng)該使用形容詞serious ，表示“更大的威脅”。
4. 答案：problem — problems
試題分析：本題為名詞誤用 。
詳細(xì)解答：problem表示“問(wèn)題” ，是可數(shù)名詞 ，句 中表示“各種眼疾”。
5. 答案：their — its
試題分析：本題為代詞誤用 。
詳細(xì)解答：物主代詞和句 中的each搭配使用 ，表示“每種藥有各 自致命 的副作用” ，故使用its。
6. 答案：increased — reduced
試題分析：本題為邏輯錯(cuò)誤 。
詳細(xì)解答：根據(jù)上文的意思，該藥雖然能治療心理病，但是由于副作用較大 ，引發(fā)其他疾病，需要逐漸減少用藥量，而不是增加，故用reduced符合原文 。
7. 答案：are — is
試題分析：本題為動(dòng)詞誤用 。
詳細(xì)解答：定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞population作為集合名詞，表示一類(lèi)人 ，應(yīng)該用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與之搭配。
8. 答案：was — /
試題分析：本題為語(yǔ)態(tài)誤用 。
詳細(xì)解答：Vargha女士在絕望之余只能把她的姐姐從醫(yī)院帶回家，作為施動(dòng)者，不需要用被動(dòng)態(tài) 。
9. 答案：Iran — Iranian
試題分析：本題為名詞誤用 。
詳細(xì)解答：作為名詞的前置定語(yǔ) ，應(yīng)該使用形容詞形式Iranian，表示一個(gè)伊朗的警察 。
10. 答案：that — what
試題分析：本題為從句誤用 。
詳細(xì)解答：句中的experience不是名詞而是動(dòng)詞，需用賓語(yǔ)從句而非定語(yǔ)從句，要用what作關(guān)系代詞，表示她所相信的事情 。
練習(xí)題二
Humankind’s future safety and longevity of life on Earth largely depend on the environment which we live. Keeping the air we __1
breathe free of pollution is a major priority towards making this earth a safe place. Other areas of concern are water, land, the ozone layer, and the preservation of flora and fauna of the planet.
Every country has ecological issues to deal. In South America, __2
the rain forests are rapidly disappearing as people burn and cut down trees to make for farmland. Many Middle-Eastern and Asian countries __3
have a battle to fight with air, water, and land pollution. Lakes and swamps are spread with debris. __4
Mass chemical spraying is used to kill pests on trees and plants. Abundant __5
use of water in countries as China has caused major water shortage. __6
Rivers become polluted by factories and the populations that live on their banks. Global warming is considered a major factor caused __7
the droughts in eastern China, the Sudan, Ethiopia, and northern Kenya.
The reduction of the ozone layer is blamed for the global warming trends in variant countries of this globe, and the spread of disease like skin __8
cancer. Societies at large need to pay attention to the existing problems in order to get of the imminent danger of famine, drought and diseases __9
that rise from the damage that pollution causes. __10
【答案】
1. ^which-in
此處的介詞其實(shí)是和live連用的，live in the environment.
2. deal^-with
deal with是固定搭配，意思是“解決，處理”。
3. make^-way
根據(jù)上下文可以斷定此處文章要說(shuō)的是“人們燒，伐樹(shù)木為的是給開(kāi)墾農(nóng)田讓路”。make way for something是“給……讓路”，符合此處需要的意思。
4. spread-polluted/littered
這里的關(guān)鍵是要知道debris的意思是“碎片，殘骸等”，所以根據(jù)上下文這里的意思是“湖泊和濕地被一些碎片殘骸所污染或弄得凌亂不堪”才符合邏輯。
5. ^Abundan-the
此處不是泛指，而是特指，所以要有定冠詞。
6. as-like
此處是拿中國(guó)舉例，所以要用介詞like“像……一樣”。
7. cause-causing
此處定于分句是主動(dòng)的意義。
8. variant改為various
variant是“變體的，變種的”，而various表示“不同的”，符合此處意思。
9. get^of-rid
固定搭配get rid of 是“擺脫”的意思。
10. rise-arise
練習(xí)題三
Now, it is clear that the decline of a language must ultimately have political and economical causes: it is not due simply to the bad __1
influence of this or that individual writers. But an effect can become __2
a cause, reinforce the original cause and producing the same effect __3
in an intensified form, and so on indefinitely. A man may take drink __4
because he feels himself to be a failure, and then fail all the most __5
completely because he drinks. It is rather the same thing that is happening to the English language. It becomes ugly and inaccurate because our thoughts are foolish, but the sloven of our language __6
makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts. The point is that the process is irreversible. Modern English, especially written English, __7
is full of bad habits which spread by imitation and which can be avoided if one is willing to take the necessary trouble. If one gets rid of these habits one can think more clearly, and think clearly is a __8
necessary first step towards political regeneration: so that the fight against bad English is not frivolous and is not the exclusive concerning __9
of professional writers. I will come back to this present, and I hope __10
that by that time the meaning of what I have said here will have become clearer.
【答案】
1. economical-economic
economical的意思是“節(jié)約的，經(jīng)濟(jì)的，省錢(qián)的”，而此處應(yīng)選擇economic表示“經(jīng)濟(jì)的，有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)的”。
2. writers-writer
this or that后面應(yīng)接單數(shù)名詞，因?yàn)閺囊馑忌蟻?lái)看應(yīng)是二選一的，所以是單數(shù)。
3. reinforce-reinforcing
“an effect can become a cause”和“reinforce the original cause”兩個(gè)分句并不是并列的關(guān)系，應(yīng)該說(shuō)是主句和從句的關(guān)系，應(yīng)該將reinforce變?yōu)?ing形式，這也與后面的“producing the same effect”保持形式上的一致。
4. take^-to
take to 表示“養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，沉湎于”。
5. most-more
all the more 表示“更加”，如：The living room is decorated in pale colors which make it all he more airy.
6. sloven-slovenliness
sloven作名詞表示“懶散的人，散漫的人”，這里顯然語(yǔ)義不對(duì)，所以應(yīng)改為slovenliness表示“懶散，邋遢”。
7. irreversible-reversible
reversible(可逆的)，irreversible(不可逆的)如上文所述，語(yǔ)言和思維的關(guān)系是相互影響的;由于我們思想的愚蠢，我們的語(yǔ)言變得丑陋，不準(zhǔn)確;同時(shí)我們的語(yǔ)言的不精確也使我們的思維變得更加愚蠢。所以這個(gè)過(guò)程是能倒退的。
8. ^think-to
動(dòng)詞原形本身無(wú)法作主語(yǔ)，必須將它變成-ing形式或不定式，由于這里有將要發(fā)生的含義，所以選用不定式 to think。
9. concerning-concern
concern本身既可以做動(dòng)詞也可以作名次。
10. present-presently
presently表示“不久，一會(huì)兒”。present在這里講不通。
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