大學代詞語法解析

大學代詞語法解析

　　導語：代詞是代替名詞或一句話的一種詞類，下面YJBYS小編解析大學代詞的語法，歡迎參考!

　　it代詞

　　1.作人稱代詞

　　John likes playing Pingpong./ He always does it in the afternoon.(指代上下文提到的事物);/It's time we went home. / How far is it from here to your home ? / It is getting warmer and warmer./ It's very quiet at the moment.(可指時間、天氣、環境等)

　　2.引導詞

　　A.作形式主語，代替由不定式、動名詞或從句表示的真正主語。

　　It's important for us to learn a second language./ It's no use talking to him./ It's known to all that the earth goes round the sun.

　　B.作形式賓語，代替由不定式、動名詞或從句表示的真正賓語。

　　We feel it our duty to help others./ He made it clear that he would leave the city.

　　C.強調結構：It is (was) +被強調部分+that (或who)…

　　注意：在強調結構中，如被強調部分為時間狀語或地點狀語，其后的連接詞也絕不能為when 或where，而應用that 。在復習中，一定要注意句式的不同。

　　It was in Shanghai that I bought the guitar.(that引起強調句)

　　It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar.(where引起定從)

　　It was twelve o'clock when we arrived there.(when引起時間狀語從句)

　　It was at twelve o'clock that we arrived there.(that 引起強調句)

　　3. it，one，that 的區別：作為代詞，這三個詞的對比使用是高考的'熱點之一。

　　—Why don't we take a little break? —Didn't we just have __________?

　　A.it B.that C.one D.this

　　The Parkers bought a new house but _________will need a lot of work before they can move in.

　　A.they B.it C.one D.which

　　one 用以指代同類事物中的任一，that 特指性強，指代可數與不可數詞，而it指代上文提過的同一事物。

　　不定代詞

　　不定代詞種類較多，用法各異，在使用中一定要注意區別。

　　1、both，either ，neither 都表兩者范圍，在句中作主語、賓語、定語 ，both可用作同位語。both 意為"兩者都"，either 表"兩者中任一個"，neither表"兩者都不"。

　　2、any，none ，all 表三者或三者以上范圍，any 表任何一個、一些(不可數或復數概念，用于否定句、疑問句或條件從句中);none 表三者或三者以上中的哪一個都不;表示不可數物中的一點兒也沒有;all 整個的.;所有的(三者或三者以上);所有的(不可數)。

　　e.g.This book is a good seller，so you can buy it at any shop in Beijing./ None of us are/is perfect./ All of the village was flooded.

　　3、no one，nobody，none，nothing：no one，nobody表沒有人，nothing 指沒有什么事物，none 兼指人和物。none 著眼于數量概念。"特指的人或物一個也沒有，一點兒也沒有"。

　　—How many people are there in the hall ? —None.

　　—who wants to go with him ? —No one(Nobody).

　　—What can you see in the bottle ?—Nothing.

　　—Is there any water in it ?—None.

　　4、another，the other，the other+復數名詞(或the others)，other (或other +復數名詞)：another 表三者或三者以上范疇中的任一;與數詞連用，表"再有";the other 表兩者中的另外那個，特指;the other+復數名詞(或the others)，另外那些，表示其余所有的人或物，用于特指;others (或other+復數名詞)另一些，表余下人或物中的另一些，泛指。

　　—I don't like this，show me another one.

　　If you want to change for a double room you'll have to pay_______$15.

　　A.another B.other C.more D.Each (A)

　　人稱、物主、反身、指示代詞

　　大學重點要求

　　1.掌握人稱代詞、物主代詞、疑問代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞的基本用法。

　　2.重點掌握不定代詞的指代含義及數的情況，能通過語境準確選取答案。

　　3.掌握it的基本用法。

　　一.人稱代詞

　　1)分清主格和賓格形式。

　　eg：—I love you more than her，child ./ —You mean more than ___love her or more than she loves____?

　　A. you;me B.I;you C.you;you D.I;me

　　2)注意約定俗成的用法。

　　—Who is it ? —It's me .—I'd like to have a rest .—Me，too.

　　3)使用we 和you 泛指一般人

　　4)使用she代表國家、船只、月亮、大地等

　　China is a great country.She has a long history.

　　5)并列主語或賓語中順序是：you，he(she) and I; we，you and they

　　二.物主代詞：名詞性物主代詞――在句中做主語、賓語、表語、補足語，構成雙重所有格：a friend of mine 。形容詞性物主代詞――只能起定語作用。

　　三.反身代詞

　　1) 在句中作賓語、表語和同位語;2)單復數的確定;3)在一些語境中的特殊含義。

　　e.g. I'm not quite myself today.我今天不大舒服。/ Make yourself at home.不要拘禮;請隨便吧。 / Don't get nervous，help yourself to what you like.別緊張，喜歡吃什么就吃什么。/ Have you enjoyed yourself today? 你今天玩得愉快嗎?

　　四.指示代詞

　　(一)this，that，these those

　　1.在句子中作主語、賓語、表語和定語。

　　2.this(these)一般指時間和空間上較近的人或物，而that (those)常指時間和空間上較遠的人或物。e.g. This is a novel and that is a magazine.

　　3.this(these)一般指后面要講到的.事物，而that(those)常指前面講到的事物。e.g. What he told me is this：he wanted to go to Beijing./ He didn't come.That is why he didn't know.

　　4.that，those 常用來指代前面提到過的某個名詞。e.g. The oil output in 1998 was higher than that of 1995.( that 代替oil output) / The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany.

　　(二)such

　　such引起倒裝句，謂語數取決于后面主語的數：e.g Such is my answer./ Such are our people.

　　做定語，注意和so 的區別，尤其是在so …that， such…that 句型中。e.g. I have never seen such beautiful flowers.(復數名詞前，so 不可) / I have never seen such a great film.(也可為so great a film) / We have such beautiful weather today that we should go out for an outing.(不可數詞前，不可用so) / There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him.(在數量概念的many，much，little，few 之前，不可用such )

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